HOME Regions Magadan region 05.05.2014

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Area of special attention

The Magadan SEZ will work under the new rules

The EastRussia.ru correspondent got acquainted with the new edition of the Federal Law "On the Special Economic Zone in the Magadan Region" and figured out what would change with the amendments to the law.

Balance the balance

According to the St. Petersburg Policy Research Foundation, the Magadan Region consistently ranks one of the first places in the stability ratings of Russian regions. Thus, in one of the recent ratings, the region scored 8,3 points out of 10 possible. Experts linked the high results to the work of the regional government to extend the regime of the Special Economic Zone until 2025, and as a result - to improve the economic situation, attract investors, implement new large-scale projects, etc. The following figures speak for themselves: from 2000 (the SEZ was created in 1999) to 2013, the volume of industrial products produced by the SEZ participants increased from 6,4 to 47,9 billion rubles. The results of the last year are also impressive.

“As of January 1, 2014, 139 companies were registered in the SEZ,” Sergei Grebenyuk, director of the Magadan SEZ administration, told EastRussia.ru. - 50% of them (or 69 participants) represent the sphere of trade, followed by industry, construction, transport, and services. I would like to note that it is the enterprises that are members of the SEZ that account for the bulk of industrial products manufactured in the region (over 70%). And it was at the expense of the SEZ funds, in fact, that the energy security of the Magadan Region was ensured - 2,6 billion rubles were allocated for modernization, reconstruction, and construction of the energy infrastructure. The financial result of the SEZ participants in current prices amounted to 7,5 billion rubles. arrived. The main part of it falls on the mining enterprises ”.

Despite this, the extension of the Special Economic Zone at the end of 2013 turned out to be undeniable. At the level of the federal Ministry of Finance, the question arose: how expedient is it to continue working in this mode? Doubts were caused by incomes falling out of the budget - and this happened as a result of the granting of tax benefits to the participants of the SEZ.

“In 2013, we worked in conditions of the termination of the economic zone, which was disheartening,” said the governor of the Magadan region, Vladimir Pecheny. - In conditions when not everyone understands the effectiveness of its actions, changes in legislation, in particular Law No. 267-FZ, which formulated one of the benefits for all Far Eastern regions - zero profit tax rate for participants of regional investment projects - did not even give us opportunities to hope that the special economic zone regime in the region will be extended. But if we talk about the law, it is pinpoint and does not apply to everyone. Therefore, at the first meeting with President Vladimir Putin, I formulated the need to continue the work of the SEZ in a new format that would meet the new legislation in force. At the same time, given that the Magadan region has its own characteristics and not all common approaches can be applied here. Our persistent work has led to the appearance of the assignment President, thanks to which the SEZ regime (not without compromise) will continue to operate. And today our task is to attract as many participants as possible. Unfortunately, over the years that the SEZ regime is in operation, a number of large enterprises implementing investment projects here imported equipment and equipment worth tens of millions of dollars in large volumes, but for some reason did not take advantage of the privileges of the zone. In the future, such situations should be avoided. ”

As for doubts about the need for SEZ, the experts have unanimous opinion on this score: to look in this case is necessary for the future.

“When the Ministry of Finance begins to tell us that we cannot afford such a regime - the SEZ regime, because it will result in falling revenues into the federal budget, we will fall into a kind of vicious circle. After all, if there is no production, then there will be no income at all. “The Ministry of Finance is pursuing an absolutely accounting policy that is in no way correlated with the development economy,” said Oleg Yeremeyev, deputy chairman of the Federation Council’s economic policy committee. - I believe that the extension of the SEZ regime for the Magadan region is a necessity, and this also applies to other subjects of the Russian Federation. Today, there are two types of decisions made in the SEZ. There are decisions taken at the federal level to establish the SEZ and there are regional ones. It is clear that the latter can use all sorts of advantages only in that part of the budget that goes to the subjects. Accordingly, the federal may enjoy preferential tax privileges relating to the federal budget. This is part of the income tax, and VAT, and so on. Since today we are just groping for these ways, how can we move away from an export-oriented raw materials economy, in no case should we discard such development tools as industrial production, tourism and recreation, high-tech special economic zones. We should not be afraid to give any benefits, because it is an incentive for residents of these zones, for potential investors. ”

So, the decision to extend the operation of the Magadan SEZ was accepted. What are the new rules on which it will work?

Let's go wide

One of the main innovations is connected with the expansion of the SEZ territory. Until now, it has operated mainly in the capital of the region, but now it will spread to the entire Magadan region, because, as Governor V. Pecheny noted, the largest investment projects are still being implemented outside the region's capital. Among them is the development of the Yano-Kolyma gold province, the development of the Primagadan shelf, the development of the Oroek metallogenic zone in the Srednekansky district of the Magadan region and the construction of the Oroek copper smelter, the construction of the South Omolon Metallurgical Combine, the construction of a mining and processing plant and the extraction of iron ore from the South Omolon ore cluster , Industrial development of the Lankovo and Melkovodninsky brown coal deposits, the development of the Tuskano-Vidichensky cement deposit rd and the construction of the plant where the extraction of limestone rocks.

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And the second most important moment is the expansion of the list of benefits, which will primarily affect companies that are leading projects of this scale.

“There are several changes that we proposed to make to the new version of the law on the Special Economic Zone in the Magadan Region. Now participants for it will be selected by the recently created Ministry of Eastern and Eastern Development - only after approval by the ministry can the company become a participant of the SEZ, ”clarified the deputy head of the administration of the SEZ of the Magadan region, Anna Chumakova, to the EastRussia.ru correspondent. - Further, more clearly in the new edition are the conditions under which the participants of the SEZ can count on benefits. To do this, companies must make capital investments in infrastructure projects, the development of production or the development of the social sphere. In principle, such a procedure as a whole existed before, but the documented clear criteria for granting benefits were still not fixed. I want to say that the benefits for such participants are more substantial than before. So, they will be completely exempted from taxes that go to the federal budget, and at the regional level from land tax and property tax. According to the previous wording of the law, they were exempted only from the income tax from conducting activities in the development of infrastructure and social spheres. ”

In addition, as reported by EastRussia.ru in the administration of the SEZ of the Magadan region, since a number of government decrees have now become invalid, the enterprises in the key mining industry will be able to use these benefits, which until now has been impossible. In general, the procedure and conditions for making investments, enshrined in the Agreement between the administration of the SEZ and the enterprise - participant of the Special Economic Zone, will remain almost unchanged.

"I want to draw attention to the fact that this agreement can not be directed to the extraction of crude oil and natural gas, the production and processing of excisable goods (excluding cars and motorcycles), wholesale and retail trade and provision of personal services," said A. Chumakova.

However, for participants of the SEZ, registered before 31 December 2014, the exemption from corporate income tax and the free customs zone procedure will be extended up to 2020. This applies to those enterprises that do not fall into the "preferential list" envisaged by the new version of the law.

"These provisions are included as a trade-off on trade enterprises. The principle position of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation is such that the potential of the special economic zone will not be used by trade enterprises in the future, "such an explanation was given to EastRussia.ru correspondent in the press service of the government of the Magadan region, citing the words of the regional governor V. Pechenogo. At the same time in the leadership of the region explained: the fact that at the moment there is a certain "transition period" for the enterprises of trade does not mean that they will not return to the question of granting them benefits in the government - here, as they say, not without options.

Hopefully, the renewed preferential regime of the SEZ will attract, in addition to the existing, new investors, above all those who are ready to develop the industry, in the region are pinning a “game by the new rules” in the region. “We expect an increase in the number of participants in the Special Economic Zone, the rise of industry, economic growth and growth of payments to the extra-budgetary fund. The latter is spent exclusively on important social and communal facilities of the region, so that the benefits to the Magadan region will be tangible. The SEZ regime in the territory of the Magadan Oblast, subject to the introduction of a number of changes, is an excellent mechanism for the rapid implementation of new approaches to the development of the economy of the Far East. With its help, it is possible, without delay, in the already built legal space, to implement the state policy of turning the Far East into a modern competitive region, ”said V. Pecheny.

According to experts, the Magadan region is exactly the region in which the SEZ regime is necessary for development and for attracting investors.

"This is a necessary measure for those who are going to invest in the Magadan region," said Igor Rudensky, head of the State Duma's economic policy committee. "This is a logical step to show investors that the state has certain intentions and instill confidence that the invested funds will pay off and come back, and, accordingly, their investments will be protected. The region is remote enough, and preferences are needed to attract investors. This is just the case when all these benefits and incentives are justified. "

Help EastRussia.ru:

For 9 years since the Federal Law on SEZ came into force, 28 special economic zones were created in Russia. Six of them are industrial parks (industrial-type SEZ), 14 - tourist zones (SEZ of tourist-recreational type), 3 - port zones (transport and logistics SEZ), 5 - technology parks (SEZ of technical-innovative type).

At 1 January 2014, the number of investors who invested in the Russian SEZ reached 370 (a year ago there were only 80), and the amount of investments announced by investors amounted to 430,5 billion rubles at the same date.

At the same time, experts say, the effectiveness of the SEZ can only be talked about after the 10-15 years.

Text: Nadezhda Kolomoytseva

Area of ​​special attention

The Magadan SEZ will work under the new rules

Area of special attention