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South Yakutia - the territory of advanced development
Interview with Mikhail Brook
- Mikhail Lvovich, what distinguishes South Yakutia from other regions of the Far East, why exactly does it cause such a keen interest?
- At present, along with the development of measures of state support and increasing investment attractiveness, the choice of priority projects and territories that are called to become locomotives for the development of the Far East is becoming more urgent.
South Yakutia has an advantageous economic-geographical and geostrategic position, the necessary infrastructure framework, large deposits of minerals, as well as significant hydropower resources and is the most attractive region of the Far East of the country for full-scale, first-priority integrated industrial development. I should especially note that the territory of the complex is concentrated considerable volumes of forest resources resources of the Far East, and in the area of the Baikal-Amur main line is located the South Yakutian coal basin (high-quality coking coals).
The territory of the Neryungri and Aldan districts of the republic is especially distinguished, adjoining at a distance of up to 50 km to the Berkakit - Tommot - Yakutsk railway, the M 56 federal highway Bolshoi Never - Yakutsk. The Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean oil pipeline, 220 kV trunk high-voltage lines pass in the same section, and the Power of Siberia gas pipeline will be laid in the coming years. The largest deposits of coking coal, iron, uranium, apatite, gold, building materials, graphite, manganese and other minerals are concentrated on this territory.
- It is clear that the development potential was not laid yesterday. What is the prehistory of industrialization in South Yakutia?
- 40 years ago, the leadership of the USSR decided to create the South Yakutia territorial-production complex, the core of which was the Neryungri basin of high-quality coking coal.
By the middle of the 1980-s, the largest Neryungri coal mine with a capacity of over 10 million tons of coal, a processing plant, a state district power station were built, a powerful construction and repair base was created. Even then, the South Yakut TPK was considered as a promising center of the domestic ferrous metallurgy. The comfortable city of Neryungri was built, its population reaching 100 thousand people. Prior to the beginning of the 1990-ies and the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent economic downturn, the South Yakut TPK developed dynamically.
- And when was the modern page of industrial growth of South Yakutia opened?
- In 2006 the year was developed on behalf of the Russian President V.V. Putin and approved by the Government of the Russian Federation "Scheme of development of the productive forces, transport and energy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) to 2020 year." In accordance with it, from 2008 year, an investment project of national importance "Integrated development of Southern Yakutia" is being implemented.
Taking into account changes in market conditions, the 1 project line has been allocated, including the construction of the Inaglinsky coal complex at 2015 - 2017 (the investor is Kolmar Management Company LLC) and the Taiga Iron Ore Mining Plant (Investor - CJSC MMC Timir) with the appropriate infrastructure. At the same time, there is a need to further ensure deeper processing of the extracted raw materials on site, primarily due to the metallurgical redistribution, to increase the efficiency of development of the territory through diversification, placement of service, mechanical assembly and other related industries, including on the basis of small and medium business.
However, by the present time the current format of financing and management of the Project has exhausted itself and does not allow to ensure further effective realization of the potential of the territory. Practically does not work because of a lack of funds The investment fund of the Russian Federation, departmental disunity does not allow to resolve issues of financing the construction of transport and energy infrastructure objects in a timely and coordinated manner.
- What are the ways out of this situation?
- I believe that to ensure the further dynamic development of South Yakutia, the mechanism of the Territory of Advanced Social and Economic Development (TOSER), which is currently being worked out by the Ministry of Regional Development, can be effectively used.
The presence of large backbone mining and metallurgical enterprises and TACER framework conditions will contribute to the development in the region of a modern scientific and technological base, technology parks, small and medium-sized businesses, a system of training personnel, and effective housing and communal infrastructure.
I should especially note that the anchor projects in South Yakutia are supported by real domestic investors, and foreign investors, primarily from the APR countries, are also showing great interest in the territory. In my opinion, the TASED "Southern Yakutia" can become a pilot area-locomotive of the new industrial development of the Far East.